Reasons for infertility
Infertility rates are on the increase all over the world. It is believed that around 10% of American women between the ages of 15 and 55 are infertile. One in six couples worldwide have difficulty becoming pregnant. Scientists say that these numbers are on the increase. There are many reasons why a couple may have trouble falling pregnant or remaining pregnant. A woman is considered infertile after a year of unsuccessfully trying to fall pregnant. Women who fall pregnant, but are prone to lose the baby within the first few months are also considered to be infertile.
When trying to become pregnant, irregular periods can make it harder. Abnormal or irregular menstruation cycles and ovulation can account for a large percentage of fertility problems. The normal ovarian cycle is an extremely complex and sensitive process and even the smallest of changes may disrupt the cycle and prevent ovulation. In many cases, the lack of ovulation is caused by certain hormonal imbalances. Other causes include high stress levels, a dramatic loss of gaining of weight, excessive production of prolactin (this is the hormone that stimulates the production of breast milk) and polycystic ovarian disease.
Polycystic ovaries describes the presence of a number of small cysts on the ovary, visible when seen on an ultrasound scan. Around twenty percent of women have polycystic ovaries and many of these women have no problems conceiving. However, some women with polycystic ovaries may have Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, and have difficulties in conceiving.
Another cause of infertility in women are tubal blockages. Damage to the fallopian tubes can result transportation of the female egg and thus prevent fertilisation. More excessive damage can block the fallopian tubes completely thus not allowing the body to release an egg. This damage can be caused by any infection of the cervix or the uterus, or any infection that spreads to the fallopian tubes from other sources such as the appendix. It can also be caused by previous surgery. Micro surgical techniques can repair some types of damage, but with others, in vitro fertilisation is the only way to become pregnant.
Endometriosis occurs when the tissue that usually lines the womb is found at other sites within the pelvis. Women with endometriosis may experience severe abdominal pain during menstruation. Also, blood filled cysts may form within the ovaries. It is not yet clear why endometriosis causes infertility but it has been suggested that it somehow impedes or blocks the ability of the fallopian tubes to transport the eggs.
There may also be unexplained reasons for your infertility, the inability of your obstetrician-gynaecologist to diagnose the cause of your infertility may not be due to insufficient testing but are probably caused by factors that are impossible to assess.
Not all causes of infertility are medical in origin. Infertility can also be linked to certain lifestyle and environmental factors. Your body reacts to the way you live. Age, weight, smoking, and alcohol can all play a role in your inability to conceive.
The younger you are, the easier you may find it to become pregnant. Once a woman reaches her early thirties, there is the beginnings of a decrease in the quality and quantity of the egg. When the woman reaches her late thirties, this decline increases and by the mid-forties, very few women are still fertile.
Your weight affects your chances of fertility. Research shows that women whose BMI (Body Mass Index) in underweight or overweight category have a harder time falling pregnant than those whose body mass index falls within the normal category. The higher the body mass index, the lower the chance for a successful pregnancy.
Smoking and the consuming of alcohol while trying to become pregnant can drastically reduce your fertility and chances of conception. They also increase the chances of an early miscarriage in the event that you do conceive.
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